Vista x64 upload working!

I've managed to get the upload program working once more with the x64 driver, however I now need to press F8 whenever the machine is booting up so I can disable driver signing. Stupid stupid stupid vista! I wonder how much it costs to sign a driver. This is a VERY popular driver, so it may be possible for everyone to club together and pay for it.

There used to be a work around where you could just switch it off, but Microsoft in their infinite wisdom disabled it. Its thing like this which will drive folk to other operating systems. (Course... MAC doesn't HAVE a parallel port...)

I think one of the things on my to-do list should be a simple USB to parallel wire. Now I know there ARE some, but I'd love to have a proper one that acts EXACTLY like a parallel port and does all the crap for you. I imagine this would sell pretty well, particually if it could get signed properly. Oh well... another one to add to the list.

Still, for now its working and means I can now test Plus4 code again. The original uploader hasn't changed, but I now have a new DLL and SYS file that I use on VISTA.

So what else is new; well I've added basic SID support to Minus4j but its a bit pooh to say the least. The lack of filter support really sucks and since most music/fx uses them, they just dont sound right at all.Attila has kindly sent me the core of the SID emulator from YAPE and I'll see if I can wedge that in. It's very much like trying to put a square peg in a round whole though as YAPE and Minus4j are not only very different langauges, but have very different design philosophies. Still, its worth a go! With any luck I'll get it added and we can get some good sounds playing in demos.

Speaking of demos, I noticed that many appear to over run their rasters, and I think I've finally figured out why. I dont think Minus4j (or Minus4w) are letting them have a whole scanline. Basically the "newline" function is being called at the start/end of a scanline (HBLANK) but thats not where the timing is working from. The horizontal dot clock is being reset by the newline function and losing clock ticks. This means you dont get all your processing cycles, and would also be the cause of my inability to load tapes. Tape loading is in fact VERY easy (once you have a good sample), all you do is set a bit on/off as it plays, and at the right time. But if the CPU timing is out, it'll never work - explains a few things.

It may however be a nightmare to fix, so I'll have to look into it. It would be great to be able to load PRGs, D64s and TAPs into Minus4j, but I'll wait and see how everything else goes. I really really don't want to get sucked wasting all my time on emulators again...I have bigger fish to fry.

EDIT: Oh, and if anyone else does want to use the uploader on Vista64, then let me know and post a ZIP with the new drivers and installation instructions.

A sound idea and Vista kicking you when you're down.

I was fixing some sound issues with Minus4j last night, as I suddenly discovered it was actually pretty broken. If both channels went quite loud and high frequency, it all started to break up - samples too in point of fact. So I spent some time fixing this and its all much nicer, samples sound pretty clean and music in Commando and Monty on the Run are much much nicer.

This then lead me to look at D64 support. I was trying to load TerraNova and it started to work, then didn't. It gets stuck in some odd loop which i think is sample based, but I'm not sure, and I think I have my interrupt flagging wrong. Currently I flag them only when $FF0A is also set, but I believe this is wrong. I think you should always flag them, they just dont kick off an interrupt!

So i thought I'd do some test code on the real machine and see what happens. It was at this point I realised I haven't downloaded anything since I've upgraded (and I use that term losely) to Vista x64. Parallel port access requires a system driver, and under x64 all system drivers must be x64 based. This means my great little 32bit dll which gives me raw access to a parallel port under windows, now no longer works, which in turn means I can no longer download directly to the plus4 - OR carry on with my debugger. FEK!

So I've managed to find a 64bit version of the driver, but its just not working, and now I dont know if thats because the driver isn't working, isn't being found or simply because the parallel port on my machine is set up wrongly. FEK.

So tonight I hope to fix this and test out the interrupt registers a bit more. At the same time, I've started adding D64 support via the Commodore 1551 parallel port registers. This is why turbo loaders dont work on Minus4 as I assume its one of these devices. I used to just intercept calls to the LOAD command, but this is a little better. Anyway, I hope to get basic D64 support in soon although with all the disk turbo loaders around I'm not sure how much use it'll be.

As a little aside.. I was looking at the Minus4sim I started years back. This was a cycle perfect version of Minus4, but I got bored with emulation and mechanic was a little too messy for my likeing. However... C# has some really, REALLY cool constructs for pausing code mid execution, and i think if I ported it over to C#, it would all become VERY elegent and simple to follow. No longer would you have to hold partial states etc. You just pause and resume. So I may play with this at a later date as it would give some very simple code but yield some amazing results. It would also allow me to finally do a fully emulated 1541, which I've been meaning to do for years.

Still mustn't get too side tracked. I have to finish up with Minus4j, then the debugger, then back on to Xeo3.

Cool Electronics things....

So first a couple of links:-


http://www.belogic.com/uzebox/index.htm
http://www.ladyada.net/make/fuzebox/


Now whats this got to do with anything? Well have a look at these videos




Very cool indeed, more so because its not a particually expensive chip. So I was wondering what more you could do with it, and I've been having a look at some videos, and the specs. Now I've always used PIC Microchips, but I've noticed an increasing number of projects using these ATmega things and after looking at the datasheets, I can see why. The assembler is actually pretty nice! It looks normal! PIC stuff is okay, but I'm not a fan where as the ATmega has 32 registers, hardware multiplys, and most instructions take a single cycle! Now that IS interesting! Now have a look at this video....





This guy does various demos with it, and he gets some pretty cool results for such a small little device. So, I've ordered myself a little kit to playwith, and I might try hooking it up to a VGA monitor (I'm still struggling with PAL colour output, this phase shift stuff is a tad confusing). The other thing this little chip can do that PIC's simply can't, is address external RAM without having to do all the work yourself! Thats awesome! It means you could have megs of addressable SRAM (in the same way a Plus/4 could) without any speed loss, where as a PIC would really struggle as you have to set address lines, read and write data lines et..

What I would really like to try is making a GPU for a plus4. If I use dual port RAM, I could get the plus4 to write into the ATmegas ram, then get it to use it as a frame buffer and render things. This means you could switch the plus4's screen off (saving lots of CPU time), and then output the signal from the cartridge's ATmega chip. You could then add sprites, sound and all the rest without too much effort. if you really wanted to, you could have multiple chips each doing a different job - one for 10 channel SID emulation (or something), another for pure sample playback, and perhaps one to deal with chatacter maps, and another could add sprites etc... kinda like an arcade machine does.

Course...that won't happen. but i'd love to try and hook one up to a Plus4 and see what it would be like. Having already done a RAM expansion without opening up the plus4, I don't see why something like this couldn't be done - it'd be neat!

JAR files.

I've been having a little trouble getting resources inside JAR files working, I took some code from my mobile phone days and used it inside Minus4j without any luck. The idea being that I could package the ROM and WAVE files up in the JAR file, and so I wouldn't have to do a slow load over HTTP.

I've now managed to get this working by using the main minus4j class rather than a java object. No idea why this matters, but it does, and it's now working. This means I can now package up ROMs and samples without having the extra paramaters or load commands, which it turn will spead up loading.

I'm also planing to add a virtual keyboard that will let you click keys rather than search for them - Saying I don't get bored of all this first of course....

Minus4j Version 1.5 released.

I've just released the latest version of Minus4j, this is the one thats been up on plus4 world for a week or so. Its got some major improvements like Audio, joystick/key combos and auto starting via the filename.

Added a paramater for the initial frameskip value.

Removed software screen scale and now use built in JAVA one - should be MUCH faster.

Added ESCAPE key (Escape)

Added RUN STOP key - ` (backwards apostrophe, beside 1 key)

Added the * key (numpad)

Added undocumented opcode LAS,Y ($BB) command. Danger Diamonds now runs.

Minus4j now picks up sys0000 style RUN commands from the filename. So games like "mercenary_sys23552.prg" now work without a seprate RUN command.

Minus4j now picks up g12AB style RUN commands from the filename. So games like "mercenary_g5C00.prg" now work without a seprate RUN command.

TED Sound!!!

TED Samples!!

New "sound" paramater. sound=off or sound=on are valid. ON by default.

You can now press F7 while running to toggle sound (mute).

Added VOLUME control register.

If joystick is enabled, CursorKeys and Space key is disabled.

INSERT now does a soft reset.

Emulator now shuts down better.

You can get the latest version from minus4.plus4.net.

Virtual Machine JOY!!

I've just installed Microsoft's Virtual PC 2007 with Ubuntu running as a VirtualMachine, and its all going pretty well for a first install....so much so, that I'm typing this inside the Ubuntu VM! I've been testing the java version of Minus4 and it runs pretty well here, of course this is a pretty big machine (quad core, 4gig ram etc.) so its not a big surprise... still, at 50fps its pretty solid.

Once you scale the screen it starts to get sluggish, but a single frameskip pushes it up into the mid 40s and another to an solid 50. This is fine for games like mercenary that didn't draw the screen that much - or even XeO3 as I only draw the screen every second frame.

I still have to get sound working - and get the screen res fixed as its currently locked to 896x600 for some odd reason. Once I've done that I'm going to try and get mono installed ready for some real work! Then I want to get a Mac VM created (if possible) and try the same stuff there. This would give me a solid development platform and let me do ALL my work from a single machine/desktop! How fekin' cool is that!

Let there be sound!

After a marathon day yesterday I managed to get some audio into Minus4j, and it really does make a huge difference. For the moment its TED sound only, and I do still have a little bit to do yet before its really nice, for a start volume isn't used at all! I ported this code directly from Minus4w and have only just noticed that theres no volume control on it, doppy bugger that I am. Still, you now get 2 TED channels (tone and noise) and samples (using the TED). Samples are a bit crude to say the least, so I'll need to work on that a little - although I think I'm driving my wife mad listening to odd sounding beeps all day, oh well.

Once I have TED music in a better state, I'll port over my SID music player, and although its far from great (its a little rough and uses NO filters), it's still a good 1st step. After that, D64 support will almost bring it in line with Minus4w! Almost.... I'll need to see if its possible to save data to the local machine which would allow you to save games etc. other wise adventure games would be a pain. The solution to this I guess would be to port Minus4 to C# and Mono, this would allow it to run on any machine, AND on silverlight at a later date. It might also be a good time to use my cycle exact CPU I wrote about 6 years ago! It was designed to be more in line with YAPE than my scanline based one.

Still, thats a loooooooooooooooooooooong way off, and theres loads to do before that. Russell also pointed out that I could let Minus4j host my debug stub as well, meaning you could develop and debug Plus4 apps on Linux or Mac OS, which would be cool.

Anyway, head over to www.PlusWorld.com to see (and hear) the latest one in action! I've also started validating demos on Plus4 world, and although some just dont work, many work fine and its a much easier way of browsing them. We should really do an online demo page so you can have simple access to them.

Even more java love.

I've updated Plus4 World with the latest version of Minus4j. I've added a couple of handy features that allow even more games to run. The change list is below, and although I've not offically released this you can go and sample its goodness at plus4world.

Added a paramater for the initial frameskip value.

Removed software screen scale and now use built in JAVA one - should be MUCH faster.

Added ESCAPE key (Escape)

Added RUN STOP key - ` (backwards apostrophe, beside 1 key)

Added the * key (numpad)

Added undocumented opcode LAS,Y ($BB) command. Danger Diamonds now runs.

Minus4j now picks up sys4172 style RUN commands from the filename. So games like mercenary_sys23552.prg now work without a seprate RUN command.

Minus4j now picks up g12AB style RUN commands from the filename. So games like mercenary_g5C00.prg now work without a seprate RUN command.

I'm also looking to add sound just now. This is a long standing issue that I'd love to fix so I've been looking at a couple of other emulators and how they handle sound. I not have my Java applet buzzing with noise so thats a good start! I should now only have to port over my TED sound stuff (and later SID sounds) in order to get it playing. Although theres obviously a long way to go before that, but at least theres a buzz about the place now.

More improvements to Minus4j

So I was adding the escape and run-stop keys to the emulator last night, and was about to change the fire key from space to control (or something) when I hit a road block. Java doesn't GIVE you acess to the control key - or shift and ALT for that matter. These keys come through as modifiers, meaning you only get them when another key is pressed. Fek.

I'll need to look at other emulators and see what they do, but if this is the case Im not sure where fire will go - unless I disable the KEYBOARD "space" while joystick is active. Thats a bit fudgy, but it would work.

Oh well, I'll just have to carry on until I figure out something better.

And another thing.... In the future I hope to ditch Java altogether and move to Silverlight which is all C# (much nicer!). Someones already done a simple spectrum emulator HERE and while its not ballistic (because it still quite new), it will be better in the future, and MUCH nicer to code for. I suspect any C++ app can be ported over to it reasonably easily - since its C# and not java. Very cool.

Polls are now closed....

So...I thought it was time for another poll. Heres the results of the last ones.

What do you hope to do with XeO3?

Just play it! 52 (60%)

Just to look through the source for ideas 14 (16%)

Make my own levels. 7 (8%)

Reskin the whole game to make my own shoot-em-up. 6 (6%)

Use the full source code to make a complely different game. 6 (6%)

I'm not interested at all 1 (1%)


Which platform are you most interested in?

Commodore 64 56 (41%)

Commodore Plus/4 27 (20%)

All of them!! 15 (11%)

Amstrad CPC 14 (10%)

Commodore 64 Super CPU 10 (7%)

I'd like it on a different platform... 7 (5%)

Sinclair Spectrum 5 (3%)

So a couple of surprises.... One that theres actually 10 SCPU users! (unless he cheated and voted 10 times....), second that the CPC version out stripped the Speccy. Course, that could just mean we dont get a lot of speccy folk dropping by.

But with the main poll having a few folk actually wanting to use the source/scripting, I thought I'd ask another one. have any of you ACTUALLY looked at the demo scripting? Or better yet, even done something with it?!?!? Theres a new Poll over on the right, so let me know.

More Java - man I hate java...

So with the release yesterday Minus4j is actually in pretty reasonable shape. Sure it needs the source cleaned a little - theres loads of commented out crap in there, but on the whole not bad. So as I was adding another paramater to it (allowing you to specify the initial frame skip - since Xeo3 runs at 25Hz, you never NEED 50fps drawing), I suddenly realised that these days, Java probably provides image scaling as part of the API!

And sure enough.... there it is. So, I've now removed the software scale I was using and now use the API. This is of couse good for 2 reasons. One... being part of the API means it might be assembler optimised, and not just some tacky code I did, and second it reduces the code I've to maintain. Its all good.

Before I set it all aside again, I'm going to look into sound. I do this every 3 years or so to see how much effort it would be to add sound to Minus4j. When I started, you just couldn't, but there are now a few apps which do what I need to, so chances are its not too hard. All I really need is a buffer or two that plays music at a specific rate through a software buffer. I can then fill this up as I emulate things. This would let me plug in TED and SID music - not to mention samples that Minus4w can play. That would be cool - then all I'd need is some basic D64 support!

Oh... and while I won't release all these little bits, I will update both my blog and Plus4world to use all the latest stuff, then release it when theres enough to package it all up.

Speed UP! Slooooow down....

So, it turns out the Java compiler is fine (I think). My timing code (that makes the game run at a specific FPS) appears to be crippling things. But I have no idea how. If I take out my timing code and run the game unscaled it ticks along at 350fps - or 7 times the normal frame rate. It looks like thats correct too as everything is moving about 7x the speed, so I think the FPS counter is working.

So... whats wrong with my timing loop thats crippling it so much? I've tried to set and FPS of 200, but as soon as I do that, it tops out at 65fps. If I remove a couple of lines (the bit that makes it work), it jumps up to 350 again. So somethings rotten right in the state of Denmark... So, heres the timing loop, perhaps someone out there will spot it and save me staring at boring code for hours on end.....

          long tLastGameFrame = System.currentTimeMillis();
          long tNextGameFrame = tLastGameFrame + FPSRate;

          Last = tLastGameFrame;
          while (true)
          {
               long tNow = System.currentTimeMillis();

               // Quick check to see it timer has gone backwards!!
               if( tNow < tLastGameFrame ){
                    tLastGameFrame= tNow;
               }

               // Check to see if system is stuttering due background OS stuff.
               // if jumped ahead over 5 seconds, then just reset...
               if( (tNow-tNextGameFrame) > 5000 ){
                    tNextGameFrame = tNow;
               }
               
               // Timer has gone backwards
               if( tNow < tLastGameFrame ){
                   tLastGameFrame= tNow;
               }


               dTime = (int)(tNow - Last);
               if (dTime >= 1000){
                    dTime -= 1000; // dont get 0    (1000/1001)
                    actualfps = CurrentFPSCount;
                    CurrentFPSCount=0;
                    Last = tNow;
               }

               // Now the main timing loop
               if(  tNextGameFrame >= tNow ) 
               {
                      // do nothing...or yield/sleep
               } else 
               {
                      while( tNow>tNextGameFrame){
                             tLastGameFrame = tNextGameFrame;
                             tNextGameFrame +=  FPSRate;
                      }
                      CurrentFPSCount++;
               }

And there you go... pretty simple. Oh, and the reason for the backwards check is because in the modern world of clock syncing (to time.com or something), your clock might briefly go backwards. If this happens timer loops break - had this happen twice! Once on mobile phones, and once on a PC. Took me AGES to figure out the Mobile phone one, but fortunately I remembered about it for the PC.

New version of Minus4j released.

Well, I've decided to release what I've done so far so that Plus4world (and anyone else) can get the new bits.so head over to my MINUS4 site and get the latest one if you need it. Heres a list of the changes...

Updated rendering engine ported from Minus4w, should handle more cases.

Updated CPU processing ported from Minus4w. More games should run.

Fix a crash in the CPU processing.

Changed the colours to what Yape uses (much nicer)

Added FLASH attribute, so things now...flash. (Manic Miner keys, Monty pick-ups etc.)

Fixed the rendering frameskip - it was always skipping at least 1 frame *idiot*

Fixed the overflow flag (V) on the ADC instruction. Mercenary now works!

Added the new "joy" paramater

Fixed commando - added several undocumented NOP codes.

SOME vertical scrolling games work.

More Progress.

I've managed to fix Mercenary, although it wasn't the BCD mode it was the overflow flag inside the ADC instruction. Anyway... Here (I hope) is the current version. Click on the screen and then use the cursor keys to move and space to shoot. F9 is frameskip which may help speed it up on some slower machines. I'll be doing a release of this soon for Plus4World, but in the meantime - Enjoy!

This is pretty neat as it means I can show new things as code rather than video. However the new version of Java appears to be a little sluggish for some reason, and frame rate has dropped a lot. In the past I used to get upto 450FPS but that has now dropped to around 70fps - without scaling...pooh. I hate Java...

Still, when all said and done - how cool is it to have xeo3 actually PLAYING in a web page!!

Life in the old dog yet....

I've managed to debug Minus4j using Eclipse. This is a JAVA based IDE and its pretty spiffy in places. Couse...being Java based, its a bit sluggish - even on my new monster PC. Oh well, at least I can single step my applet!

So, which one hurdle down, another begins... I've ported a lot of Minus4 back to Minus4j (its pretty cool that the code bases are virtually identical, coz I can cut and paste most changes), and the bug I had was simple that the mainloop on Minus4w had changed a bit, so a quick change on the java side, and we're all go!

Minus4j now has inverted characters, the flash attribute, and a proper hardware cursor (not that anyone really used it outside of basic of course... but still... I'm also trying to update the CPU module as well, as minus4j is prone to crashing, and doesn't run some games (like Mercenary). I'm having a little trouble getting Mercenary to work - oh it runs and all, but it doesn't get past the intro. I'm sure this was a BCD problem, but I've ported the BCD stuff back from Minus4w and its still fubar. Mmmm...

What would be nice is if Plus4world could just allow EVERY game to be played online. Sure some wouldn't work, but I think most would and it would be easier to exclude some, then include them all.

Anyway, back to work I guess. I need to try and fix this BCD issue (if I can find it), and then add an option for joyport swapping to the paramaters (another request). I would love to add sound, but I'll need to look into doing dynamic WAV's under java. I know the C64 emulator can do it, so I might disassemble that and have a peek.

Intermission....

Albatross!! Albatross!!! Get yar Albatross here!


okay... Got slightly side tracked as a beta of Call of Duty 5 came out today so I had to have a blast at it... FAB game, got to be one of my fav all time games the COD series. Anyway... Aside from that I'm trying to update Minus4j for Plus4world so they can get more games on line, and so its well....better.

It does have some issues and I thought I'd port back some Minus4w stuff. This should be easy as the source for Minus4w originally came from Minus4j. So it was all going swimingly well, then BANG! It all fell apart. I have the drawing code ported back and as far as I can tell its now identical, except Minus4w works, and Minus4j jumps up and down like a rabbit on a pogo stick. So now I find myself in need of an applet debugger. Im sure it'll be obvious once I debug it, but until I do... I'm a bit stuck. Fek. I could undo it all and then just fix one issue at a time, but that seems silly as Minus4w is much bette over all.

*sigh*

Almost there....

I've just about got my PC setup again, althought theres always going to be apps I've forgotten about and will only rediscover later on. I thought I could get away with just installing the C# Express edition for all my needs, but alas no. I really need macro support and it doesn't have source control built in so I'll have to install the full Visual Studio again. I do hope to do some C# Express projects for the debugger to allow people to write plug-ins without having to buy the full visual studio though.

Speaking of source control... I've reinstalled Visual Source Safe so I can get access to my old repository but I'm thinking I want to install SubVersion. This would bring me upto date a little and allow others to check stuff in/out of my depo. Russell's been moaning at me for months to let him get access to the debugger and so he can keep upto date with the XeO3 source. I have come across a tool which converts VSS databases into subversion ones, so I'll have to give that a go - I like having all the history for them, but as long as I still have to old VSS repository I guess its not a huge issue.

The guys wanting to do a CPC+ version of XeO3 got in touch (again - I missed them 1st time around; my bad), so we'll have to have a chat and see if they meet the criteria for offical developers (Yes, I'm a picky bastard...).

I'm having a slight issue with my new install as it's a 64bit OS, my 32bit apps are struggling to talk to the parallel port. Still, once I get DevStudio installed, I'll see if I can fix all that. It should also mean I can release 32+64 bit versions, or I might take the opportunity to port them to C# and mono.

I've also downloaded a VMPlayer and will get a mono vm image so I can start doing Linux support. This will let me play with Linux without having to dedicate a machine to it, or even reboot into it. (I hope - depends on how the free vm player works.)

So with any luck... back to normal next week!